mongoc_collection_find_with_opts()#

Synopsis#

mongoc_cursor_t *
mongoc_collection_find_with_opts (mongoc_collection_t *collection,
                                  const bson_t *filter,
                                  const bson_t *opts,
                                  const mongoc_read_prefs_t *read_prefs)
   BSON_GNUC_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;

Parameters#

collection: A mongoc_collection_t.
filter: A bson_t containing the query to execute.
opts: A bson_t query options, including sort order and which fields to return. Can be NULL.
read_prefs: A mongoc_read_prefs_t or NULL.

Description#

Query on collection, passing arbitrary query options to the server in opts.

To target a specific server, include an integer “serverId” field in opts with an id obtained first by calling mongoc_client_select_server(), then mongoc_server_description_id() on its return value.

Read preferences, read concern, and collation can be overridden by various sources. In a transaction, read concern and write concern are prohibited in opts and the read preference must be primary or NULL. The highest-priority sources for these options are listed first in the following table. No write concern is applied.

Read Preferences	Read Concern	Collation
`read_prefs`	`opts`	`opts`
Transaction	Transaction
`collection`

See the example for transactions and for the “distinct” command with opts.

This function is considered a retryable read operation. Upon a transient error (a network error, errors due to replica set failover, etc.) the operation is safely retried once. If retryreads is false in the URI (see mongoc_uri_t) the retry behavior does not apply.

Returns#

This function returns a newly allocated mongoc_cursor_t that should be freed with mongoc_cursor_destroy() when no longer in use. The returned mongoc_cursor_t is never NULL, even on error. The user must call mongoc_cursor_next() on the returned mongoc_cursor_t to execute the initial command.

Cursor errors can be checked with mongoc_cursor_error_document(). It always fills out the bson_error_t if an error occurred, and optionally includes a server reply document if the error occurred server-side.

Warning

Failure to handle the result of this function is a programming error.

Examples#

Print First Ten Documents in a Collection#

#include <bson/bson.h>
#include <mongoc/mongoc.h>
#include <stdio.h>

static void
print_ten_documents (mongoc_collection_t *collection)
{
   bson_t *filter;
   bson_t *opts;
   mongoc_cursor_t *cursor;
   bson_error_t error;
   const bson_t *doc;
   char *str;

   /* filter by "foo": 1, order by "bar" descending */
   filter = BCON_NEW ("foo", BCON_INT32 (1));
   opts = BCON_NEW (
      "limit", BCON_INT64 (10), "sort", "{", "bar", BCON_INT32 (-1), "}");

   cursor = mongoc_collection_find_with_opts (collection, filter, opts, NULL);

   while (mongoc_cursor_next (cursor, &doc)) {
      str = bson_as_canonical_extended_json (doc, NULL);
      printf ("%s\n", str);
      bson_free (str);
   }

   if (mongoc_cursor_error (cursor, &error)) {
      fprintf (stderr, "An error occurred: %s\n", error.message);
   }

   mongoc_cursor_destroy (cursor);
   bson_destroy (filter);
   bson_destroy (opts);
}

More examples of modifying the query with opts:#

bson_t *filter;
bson_t *opts;
mongoc_read_prefs_t *read_prefs;

filter = BCON_NEW ("foo", BCON_INT32 (1));

/* Include "field_name_one" and "field_name_two" in "projection", omit
 * others. "_id" must be specifically removed or it is included by default.
 */
opts = BCON_NEW ("projection", "{",
                    "field_name_one", BCON_BOOL (true),
                    "field_name_two", BCON_BOOL (true),
                    "_id", BCON_BOOL (false),
                 "}",
                 "tailable", BCON_BOOL (true),
                 "awaitData", BCON_BOOL (true),
                 "sort", "{", "bar", BCON_INT32 (-1), "}",
                 "collation", "{",
                    "locale", BCON_UTF8("en_US"),
                    "caseFirst", BCON_UTF8 ("lower"),
                 "}");

read_prefs = mongoc_read_prefs_new (MONGOC_READ_SECONDARY);

cursor =
   mongoc_collection_find_with_opts (collection, filter, opts, read_prefs);

The following options are supported.

Option	BSON type	Option	BSON type
`projection`	document	`max`	document
`sort`	document	`maxTimeMS`	non-negative int64
`skip`	non-negative int64	`maxAwaitTimeMS`	non-negative int64
`limit`	non-negative int64	`min`	document
`batchSize`	non-negative int64	`noCursorTimeout`	bool
`exhaust`	bool	`oplogReplay`	bool
`hint`	string or document	`readConcern`	document
`allowPartialResults`	bool	`returnKey`	bool
`awaitData`	bool	`sessionId`	(none)
`collation`	document	`showRecordId`	bool
`comment`	any	`singleBatch`	bool
`allowDiskUse`	bool	`let`	document

All options are documented in the reference page for the “find” command in the MongoDB server manual, except for “maxAwaitTimeMS”, “sessionId”, and “exhaust”.

“maxAwaitTimeMS” is the maximum amount of time for the server to wait on new documents to satisfy a query, if “tailable” and “awaitData” are both true. If no new documents are found, the tailable cursor receives an empty batch. The “maxAwaitTimeMS” option is ignored for MongoDB older than 3.4.

To add a “sessionId”, construct a mongoc_client_session_t with mongoc_client_start_session(). You can begin a transaction with mongoc_client_session_start_transaction(), optionally with a mongoc_transaction_opt_t that overrides the options inherited from collection. Then use mongoc_client_session_append() to add the session to opts. See the example code for mongoc_client_session_t.

To add a “readConcern”, construct a mongoc_read_concern_t with mongoc_read_concern_new() and configure it with mongoc_read_concern_set_level(). Then use mongoc_read_concern_append() to add the read concern to opts.

“exhaust” requests the construction of an exhaust cursor.

For some options like “collation”, the driver returns an error if the server version is too old to support the feature. Any fields in opts that are not listed here are passed to the server unmodified.

allowDiskUse is only supported in MongoDB 4.4+.

comment only supports string values prior to MongoDB 4.4.

Deprecated Options#

The snapshot boolean option is removed in MongoDB 4.0. The maxScan option, a non-negative int64, is deprecated in MongoDB 4.0 and will be removed in a future MongoDB version. The oplogReplay boolean option is deprecated in MongoDB 4.4. All of these options are supported by the C Driver with older MongoDB versions.

The “explain” command#

With MongoDB before 3.2, a query with option $explain: true returns information about the query plan, instead of the query results. Beginning in MongoDB 3.2, there is a separate “explain” command. The driver will not convert “$explain” queries to “explain” commands, you must call the “explain” command explicitly:

/* MongoDB 3.2+, "explain" command syntax */
command = BCON_NEW ("explain", "{",
                    "find", BCON_UTF8 ("collection_name"),
                    "filter", "{", "foo", BCON_INT32 (1), "}",
                    "}");

mongoc_collection_command_simple (collection, command, NULL, &reply, &error);